One of the use cases of Industrie 4.0 is 'self-organizing production'. Already in the first documents on Industrie 4.0, the vision is found that "intelligent products (...) are (are) able to control themselves independently through production due to their ad-hoc networking capability and by carrying along a digital product description [1].
Self-organization in the factory is usually connected with the goal of flexible production control. Agent-based control approaches have the advantage that independent agents can react quickly to unforeseen events locally. In view of frequent delays and plan changes, the advantages of centralized planning cannot be realized in practice anyway.